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          The Gospel Observer
    "Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations...teaching them
    to observe all that I commanded you, and lo, I am with you always,
    even to the end of the age" (Matt. 28:19,20).
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    January 29, 2012
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    Contents: 
    
    1) Philippians 2:14-17 (Tom Edwards) 
    2) News & Notes
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    -1- 
    
    Philippians 2:14-17 
    by Tom Edwards 
    
    As we continue through the Philippian letter, Paul exhorts the
    brethren to "Do all things without grumbling or disputing" (Phil.
    2:14).  In some Bible versions, grumbling is rendered as
    "murmurings," "complaining," and "grudging."  For it comes from
    the Greek word "goggusmos," which is said to mean "to murmur, ...to
    utter in a low voice, privately; and because such murmurings are
    generally complaints, it denotes to manifest discontent"
    (Bullinger).  It is also the same Greek word that Peter uses
    when he instructs the Christians to "Be hospitable to one another
    without complaint" (1 Pet. 4:9).    
    
    God's people have often fallen into the sin of murmuring -- even
    soon after the Lord had brought them out of their Egyptian
    bondage.  If you have a computer Bible, try doing a search on
    the word "grumbl*" (using the asterisk wildcard).  In the NASB,
    that will take you to verses that include "grumble," "grumbled,"
    "grumbling," and "grumblings" -- 18 passages in just the Old
    Testament, as well as others in the New; and some of those in the
    New are referring back to God's people during Old Testament
    times.  According to Numbers 14:26-32,36,37, all of the
    more-than-600,000 fighting men of Israel -- except two -- died in
    the wilderness without ever possessing the promised land, due to
    their complaining toward God in connection with the negative report
    ten of the twelve spies had brought back concerning Canaan. 
    Those other two spies were Joshua and Caleb who, apparently, scouted
    out the land with more than their eyes.  For they also had
    hearts filled with faith and determination; and, therefore, strove
    to encourage the people to take possession of the land, which the
    Lord wanted to give them; but, from their faithless and murmuring
    disposition, the people then spoke of putting Joshua and Caleb to
    death, which led to God's glory suddenly appearing before Israel did
    so. And to those ten grumbling spies, who had filled Israel with
    complaints and hopelessness, the Lord then brought His wrath upon
    them in the form of a plague that ended their lives.  
    
    Throughout that period of the wilderness wanderings, Israel grumbled
    over numerous things -- and often suffering as a result.  In
    citing Israel of old to the Corinthians, to show one of the things
    Christians should not do, Paul states, "Nor grumble, as some of them
    did, and were destroyed by the destroyer" (1 Cor. 10:10).  Paul
    then goes on to say in verse 11, "Now these things happened to them
    as an example, and they were written for our instruction...." 
    
    Psalm 106, a historical psalm, shows Israel having made and
    worshiping an idolatrous calf in Horeb. "They forgot God their
    Savior, who had done great things in Egypt, wonders in the land of
    Ham, and awesome things by the Red Sea."  They had come to
    despise the land God gave them, failed to believe His word,
    "grumbled in their tents," and did not listen to the Lord (vv.
    19-27).  Is there not a connection here?  They forgot God
    and began murmuring.  Had they truly been mindful of the Lord
    in a reverent way, would they have been given to grumbling as they
    did? -- or if they were working out their salvation with fear and
    trembling? 
    
    In speaking of some of the wicked of his day, Jude describes them as
    being "...grumblers, finding fault, following after their own lusts;
    they speak arrogantly, flattering people for the sake of gaining an
    advantage" (Jude 1:16).  And, no doubt, there were often many
    who were this way toward the Lord.  John 6:41-43 shows of those
    who grumbled over the Lord's statement toward being "the bread that
    came down out of heaven." 
    
    In commenting on "without murmurings," Zerr points out that it
    "...means to do one's duty cheerfully, not secretly resenting the
    task required." 
    
    In Philippians 2:14, the Greek word for "disputing"
    ("dialogismos")  is said to pertain to "profitless
    disputings."  For "dialogismos" is also translated as
    "opinions," "speculations," "doubts," "thoughts," and even
    "dissension" in various places of the NASB.  So it is used
    primarily in expressing a negative way that should not characterize
    the Christian.  For instance, in 1 Timothy 2:8, Paul prohibits
    "wrath and dissension [dialogismos]" from accompanying the holy men
    who pray.  And in Luke 24:38, Jesus speaks of the "doubts"
    ("dialogismos") that had arisen in the hearts of those whom He was
    addressing.
    
    So Philippians 2:14 cannot be used to assert that all disputing or
    debating would be wrong.  Notice, for example, Acts 19:8,9
    (KJV): "And he went into the synagogue, and spake boldly for the
    space of three months, disputing and persuading the things
    concerning the kingdom of God.   But when divers were
    hardened, and believed not, but spake evil of that way before the
    multitude, he departed from them, and separated the disciples,
    disputing daily in the school of one Tyrannus."   The NIV
    renders "disputing and persuading" as "arguing persuasively" in Acts
    19:8; and the NASB uses "reasoning" instead of
    "disputing."   Paul, for example, was doing more than
    merely disputing with his opinions or speculations.  Rather, he
    was using God's word to persuade others to understand, believe,
    accept, and obey the gospel. 
    
    Paul then goes on to show why we should strive to avoid grumbling
    and the wrong kind of disputing in the very next verse: "That ye may
    be blameless and harmless, the sons of God, without rebuke, in the
    midst of a crooked and perverse nation, among whom ye shine as
    lights in the world" (Phil. 2:15).  As Christians, we have a
    need to be concerned about what kind of influence we are
    projecting.  In writing to the Thessalonians, Paul commends
    them for having become "imitators of us and of the Lord, having
    received the word in much tribulation with the joy of the Holy
    Spirit...."  He goes on to say about them, "so that you became
    an example to all the believers in Macedonia and in Achaia. 
    For the word of the Lord has sounded forth from you, not only in
    Macedonia and Achaia, but also in every place your faith toward God
    has gone forth" (1 Thess. 1:6-10).  The KJV uses the word
    "followers" instead of "imitators."  But the imitators are
    those who follow in the teaching of Paul, which is the teaching of
    God. 
    
    To shine as lights, we are not to be showoffs; but to shine in such
    a way that we may cause others to glorify God because of our good
    works (cf. Matt. 5:14-16).  Our motivation should always be to
    want to serve and please God above all others, that we might be
    honored by Him (cf. Jn. 12:26).  Rather than being like those
    who merely sought after the praise of men (cf. Jn. 12:42,43). 
    
    Paul then points out one of the things that will characterize those
    who are blameless, harmless, the sons of God, and the lights in the
    world.  He states, "holding fast the word of life, so that in
    the day of Christ I will have reason to glory because I did not run
    in vain nor toil in vain" (Phil. 2:16).  The KJV renders this
    as "holding forth" (Phil. 2:16); but in order to do that, one must
    be holding fast the word.  So these thoughts are not
    contradictory.  They both come from the Greek word "epecho,"
    which Thayer defines as "to have or hold upon, apply, to observe,
    attend to  1a) to give attention to." 
    
    Holding fast God's word is necessary to shine as a light for
    Christ.  Jesus says, "...'I am the light of the world; he who
    follows Me shall not walk in the darkness, but shall have the light
    of life'" (Jn. 8:12).  When we are truly following Jesus, then
    it will be His light that we are reflecting in our lives. 
    Similarly, we talk about "the light of the silvery moon"; but it
    actually doesn't have its own light.  Rather, it reflects the
    light of the sun.  As Christians, we are to reflect the light
    of the Son of God.  By doing so, we bring glory to His
    name.  In Matthew 5:14-16, Jesus states the following:
     "You are the light of the world. A city set on a hill cannot
    be hidden.  Nor do men light a lamp, and put it under the
    peck-measure, but on the lampstand; and it gives light to all who
    are in the house. Let your light shine before men in such a way that
    they may see your good works, and glorify your Father who is in
    heaven."
    
    In the parable of the seed and the sower, note what the Lord says
    about the seed in the good soil: "And the seed in the good soil,
    these are the ones who have heard the word in an honest and good
    heart, and HOLD IT FAST, and bear fruit with perseverance" (Luke
    8:15).  
    
    The importance of doing this is also seen in 1 Corinthians 15:1,2:
    "Now I make known to you, brethren, the gospel which I preached to
    you, which also you received, in which also you stand, by which also
    you are saved, IF YOU HOLD FAST THE WORD which I preached to you,
    unless you believed in vain." 
    
    The Bible also speaks of other things we are to hold fast.  For
    example: "...hold fast to that which is good" (1 Thess. 5:21). 
    Also, if we who are Christians want to continue to be the Lord's
    house, we need to "hold fast our confidence and the boast of our
    hope firm until the end" (Heb. 3:6); and to, therefore, "encourage
    one another day after day...lest any of you be hardened by the
    deceitfulness of sin.  For we have become partakers of Christ,
    if we hold fast the beginning of our assurance firm until the end"
    (vv. 13,14). 
    
    Paul shows that if the Philippians hold fast to the gospel, then he
    will not be running nor toiling in vain (Phil. 2:16).  He does
    not mean by this that his salvation was dependent upon whether they
    would hold fast the word or not.  For we have seen that not to
    be the case in 1 Corinthians 3:12-15, where Paul speaks of those who
    receive a reward when their works remain, and those who suffer loss
    yet are still saved when their works are burned up.  These
    works (which are depicted as gold, silver, precious stones, wood,
    hay, and straw) represent two different groups of converts that
    Christians win to the Lord: those who will remain true to the Lord
    during the fiery testings (the gold, silver, precious stones), and
    those who will perish (the wood, hay, and straw).  Paul,
    therefore, means that his running or toiling would be vain in
    relation to the Philippians, if they keep not the faith.  For
    if they would not, Paul would suffer over them emotionally, though
    it wouldn't impair nor nullify his salvation. 
    
    Furthermore, when we think of "running," we think of activity; but
    if it is not in accord with God's word then it really won't profit a
    person.  Many religious people today, for instance, are very
    active in doing that which they believe God wants them to do; but
    when they are actually going against His word in doing so, they are
    not pleasing Him, nor would that be the way of salvation.  Paul
    viewed many of the Jews of his day to be in that category by their
    persisting in the way of Judaism during the Gospel Age.  He
    says concerning them, "For I testify about them that they have a
    zeal for God, but not in accordance with knowledge" (Rom.
    10:2).  Paul is saying this about them because, in spite of
    their determination and enthusiasm toward serving and living for
    God, they did not know or accept His righteous plan of salvation as
    set forth in the gospel. Instead, they sought to find justification
    by keeping the Law of Moses, which could not save them (cf. Gal.
    2:16).  
    
    This is why Paul earnestly strove to help others learn the truth,
    and to exhort them to live according to that.  In writing to
    the Thessalonians, Paul explains, "For this reason, when I could
    endure it no longer, I also sent to find out about your faith, for
    fear that the tempter might have tempted you, and our labor would be
    in vain" (1 Thess. 3:5).  The very fact that Paul's labor could
    have become a vain thing with these Thessalonians indicates that
    "once saved always saved" is not true.  Rather, salvation can
    be lost.  For how could Paul's work with these be all in vain
    if they could end up in heaven, regardless of how far they would
    veer from God, due to sin?  
    
    Note, too, that Paul refers to the gospel as "the word of life"
    (Phil. 2:16).  Can any other message be said to have
    life?  Other writings might be interesting, lively,
    entertaining, provocative, and really stir the emotions; but Jesus
    says of His message that "...the words that I have spoken to you are
    spirit and are life" (Jn. 6:63).  Soon after Jesus said this,
    many of His disciples ceased following Him. He then asked the
    apostles in John 6:67, "You do not want to go away also, do you?"
    Peter's response to this is a powerful acknowledgment of his faith
    in Jesus and His teachings.  Peter rhetorically asks in verse
    68, "Lord, to whom shall we go?  You have words of eternal
    life."  To Peter, there was nowhere else he could turn for
    words of eternal life, but to the Lord. God's word, therefore, does
    more than evoke emotion.  It also instills and helps us
    cultivate faith, hope, peace, love, patience, along with many other
    needful virtues. God's word is a message that can change our lives
    for the better.  By it, we are born again (cf. 1 Pet.
    1:23).  It sets forth a new way of life for while on earth, and
    it leads to a life that is everlasting in heaven.  
    
    As food is necessary for the body, God's word is necessary for the
    soul.  And, so, we hear the Lord say in Matthew 4:4 that "Man
    shall not live on bread alone, but on every word that proceeds out
    of the mouth of God."  If man, however, were just a fleshly
    form, a mere mortal creature, than food and water for the body would
    suffice; but man is more than that.  For man also has an
    inward, eternal spiritual part called the "soul" or the
    "spirit."  It needs the spiritual food of God's word that no
    other message can supply.  
    
    In Philippians 2:17, Paul then states, "But even if I am being
    poured out as a drink offering upon the sacrifice and service of
    your faith, I rejoice and share my joy with you all."  This
    entire phrase of "poured out as a drink offering" comes from just
    one Greek word ("spendo"), which Thayer defines as "1) to pour out
    as a drink offering, make a libation  2) in the NT to be
    offered as a libation  3) fig. used of one whose blood is
    poured out in a violent death for the cause of God."  James
    Strong defines it as, "Apparently a primary verb; to pour out as a
    libation, that is, (figuratively) to devote (one's life or blood, as
    a sacrifice)...." 
    
    Literal drink offerings (or libations, as they are also called) were
    part of the Law of Moses (Exod. 29:38-41).  Here, in
    Philippians 2:17, Paul is likening his service to his brethren to
    that.  For a drink offering can be poured out just once, and
    that was what Paul was doing with his very life, which was being
    poured out as a sacrifice for his brethren, in a manner of
    speaking.  Throughout his life as a Christian, Paul continued
    to serve his brethren in this sacrificial way.  And then, as he
    was very near to the end of that life, he declares in the last of
    his New Testament epistles, "For I am already being poured out as a
    drink offering, and the time of my departure has come" (2 Tim. 4:6).
     
    
    Paul was certainly willing to be of this type of sacrifice for the
    brethren.  This attitude that we find he had toward the
    Corinthians, in 2 Corinthians 12:15, is probably typical of how he
    felt toward serving any Christian.  He states, "I will most
    gladly spend and be expended for your souls. If I love you more, am
    I to be loved less?" 
    
    E. M. Zerr views the libations as a minor sacrifice compared to some
    of the others.  He writes: "These liquid offerings were
    'poured' upon the main sacrifice to combine a service to God. They
    might well be called a minor offering or sacrifice, and that upon
    which they were poured a major one in comparison.  Paul was
    willing to represent himself as a minor sacrifice, poured out upon
    the major one of the faithful service of the Philippians.  Even
    that humble service would cause him to joy and rejoice with the
    brethren." 
    
    That sounds like an attitude Paul would have, in taking upon himself
    a role of humility and servitude, to think of others as being more
    important than himself -- attitudes that we also find in Jesus
    Christ, Paul's great example.  For Paul truly had been
    developing the mind of Christ in his own life; and this all helps us
    better understand Galatians 2:20, where Paul declares, "I have been
    crucified with Christ; and it is no longer I who live, but Christ
    lives in me; and the life which I now live in the flesh I live by
    faith in the Son of God, who loved me, and delivered himself up for
    me." 
    
    So may we who are Christians take heed to Paul's exhortation in
    Philippians 2:14-17 to "Do all things without grumbling or
    disputing,"  to be "...blameless and innocent...children of God
    above reproach in the midst of a crooked and perverse generation,"
    and shining "... as light in the world, holding fast the word of
    life...."  For this is the way of righteousness, which brings
    glory to God; and by submitting to it, our Lord will one day take us
    to that eternal glory where He Himself dwells in heaven above. 
    
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    -2-
    
        News & Notes
    
    Let those of us who are Christians be praying for the following
    people:
    
    * The family and friends of Guy
      Wheeler (Ken Robertson's  uncle) who recently passed
    away.
    
    * Anthony Webb Sr. who has
    been having thyroid trouble.
    
    * Jean Calloway is now out
    of the hospital and recuperating at home.  She is still having
    some pain in her leg, and her kidneys have not been up to par. 
    
    
    *  Mike Dubose who is suffering
    from cancer and receiving continual treatment for it.
    
    * Mozelle Robertson (Ken's
    mother) who is healing from wrist surgery.  
    
    * Clifton Trimble who has
    not been well.
    
    * Geneva Wilson who is very
    weak physically and housebound.
    
    * Shirley Young who
    experiences fibromyalgia every day, and with some days more so than
    others.
    
    * Cheryl Crews who has
    chronic ailments and has also been experiencing nausea, due to some
    of her medication.  
    
    *  Anthony Webb and Andrew Robertson who are
    seeking employment.  
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    The Steps That Lead to Eternal Salvation
    
    1) Hear the gospel,
    for that is how faith comes (Rom. 10:17;  John 20:30,31).
    2) Believe in the
    deity of Christ (John 8:24; John 3:18).
    3) Repent of sins
    (Luke 13:5; Acts 17:30).
    4) Confess faith in
      Christ (Rom. 10:9,10; Acts 8:36-38).
    5) Be baptized in water
    for the remission of sins (Mark 16:16; Acts 2:38; 22:16; Rom. 6:3,4;
    Gal. 3:26,27; 1 Pet. 3:21).
    6) Continue in the faith;
    for, if not, salvation can be lost (Heb. 10:36-39; Rev. 2:10; 2 Pet.
    2:20-22).
    --------------------
    
      Park Forest
    CHURCH OF CHRIST
    9923 Sunny Cline Dr., Baton Rouge, LA  70817
    Sunday services: 9:00 AM (Bible class); 10 AM & 6 PM (worship)
    Tuesday: 7 PM (Bible class)
    evangelist/editor: Tom Edwards (225) 667-4520
    Tom@ThomasTEdwards.com
    http://ThomasTEdwards.com/go (Gospel Observer website)
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