The Gospel Observer

“Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations…teaching them to observe all that I commanded you; and lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the age” (Matthew 28:19-20, NASB).
——————–

Contents:

1) Antioch of Syria (Mike Willis)
2) News & Notes
——————–

antioch 3 in 1

-1-

Antioch of Syria

Mike Willis

There were a number of cities built by various Seleucid kings which bore the name Antioch in honor of rulers who wore the name of Antiochus. Two of them were Antioch of Syria and Antioch of Pisidia.

Alexander the Great was the first to imagine the city of Antioch, according to the fourth-century writer Libanius. After defeating the Persians at the Battle of Issus in 333 B.C., he stopped at the future site of Antioch, drank from the water of its sweet well, and declared that it “tasted like his mother’s milk.” He resolved to build a city on the site. He died before accomplishing this.

After the death of Alexander the Great (323 B.C.), his kingdom was divided among his generals. The northern area was given to Seleucus Nicator (358-281 B.C.). Seleucus built his capital on the Orontes and named it after his father, Antiochus. Seleucus Nicator made Jewish people citizens of those cities which he built, including Antioch (Josephus, Antiquities, XII. 3.1).

The Seleucid kingdom was ruled from Antioch until 64 B.C. The Seleucids vied with the Ptolemies in Egypt for control of Palestine from 323 to 198 B.C., when Antiochus the Great won control of the region and held it until the Romans moved into the region. Seleucid rule was at first welcome by the Jewish people, but the situation soon changed. During the reign of the tyrant Antiochus Epiphanes (175-163 B.C.), the Jews in Jerusalem were ordered to offer pagan sacrifices on their altar in the Temple, leading to the Maccabean rebellion. The situation of the Antiochian Jews must have been quite difficult. With the coming of the Romans, their situation improved and Jews in Antioch enjoyed the status of a politeuma, a “political state” according to Josephus.

Antioch became an important military center after it was incorporated into the Roman Empire in 64 B.C. by Pompey. He made Antioch the capital of Syria and used it as a staging area for wars against its eastern adversaries. The Romans expanded the development of Antioch under Augustus (27 B.C. – A.D. 14) and Tiberius (A.D. 14-37), colonnading its main north-south street and building numerous public buildings. Herod the Great paid to pave with marble the main thoroughfare in Antioch. Tiberius Caesar later built the colonnades that are there. During the Jewish rebellion, Herod Agrippa II and other Jews opposing the rebellion, met Vespasian in Antioch (Josephus, Wars of the Jews III.2.4). Perhaps this is the reason that Vespasian and Titus continued to act favorably toward the Jews in Antioch, even after the Jewish rebellion (Josephus, Antiquities XII.3.1). After the destruction of Jerusalem in A.D. 70, Titus enjoyed a triumphal entry into the city of Antioch in celebration of his defeating the Jews. Josephus tells of a serious threat to the Jews in Antioch in Wars of the Jews VII.3.2-4).

After the destruction of Seleucia Ctesiphon in 165 B.C., Antioch was the third largest city in the Roman world, ranking behind Rome and Alexandria, Egypt (Josephus, Wars of the Jews III.2.4). Estimates of its population range from 600,000 to 100,000 (Pacwa, 265). The Christian orator John Chrysostom (345-407) estimates that its population was 200,000 during his time. The city was located on a major trade route from the Middle East to Palestine and Egypt, causing it to be a thriving commercial center in the first century.

Antioch played an important part in first century Christianity. Nicolas, one of the seven appointed to serve the daily ministration to the widows, was a proselyte from Antioch (Acts 6:5). After the persecution following the martyrdom of Stephen, those who scattered from Jerusalem took the gospel to Antioch where they began preaching the gospel with much success to the Greeks (Acts 11:19-20). When news of this reached Jerusalem, the saints sent Barnabas to investigate the situation. When he saw that things there were in order, he brought Saul to join him in the work at Antioch. They labored together for a full year in Antioch. Perhaps it was during this time that Paul suffered persecution at Antioch (2 Tim. 3:11). During this time, the disciples were first called Christians (Acts 11:26). This new church sent relief to help the poor among the saints at Jerusalem (Acts 11:27-30).

From Antioch, Paul and Barnabas were sent on their first missionary journey (Acts 13:1-3) and to that church Paul reported on all of his missionary activities (Acts 14:26; 18:22).

The church at Antioch played a determinative role in working out whether or not Gentiles had to be circumcised and keep the Law of Moses in order to be saved. Paul took Titus as a test case and with other brethren (including Barnabas) went to Jerusalem for what is generally called the Jerusalem Conference (Acts 15). Though it was revealed that Gentiles could be saved without keeping the Law, Galatians 2:1-14 records a major conflict that occurred in the church when Peter came to Antioch and refused to have table fellowship with Gentiles. Paul resisted him.

Undoubtedly the church at Antioch played a significant part in shaping Christianity into a world religion instead of just another sect of Judaism.

Modern scholarship suggests that Matthew might have been written at Antioch and some think that Luke might also have penned his gospel at Antioch.

Antioch was the home of the famed Christian orator, John Chrysostom, who wrote Homilies Against the Jews. Another famous “Christian” character was Simeon Stylites, who was supposedly buried in Antioch. He lived for thirty years on a 60-foot-high column in the mountains east of the city.

Today the city is known an Antakya, a bustling small city that occupies much of the ancient site. There are ruins of the walls, the hippodrome, a large structure that might be the foundation of Diocletian’s palace, masonry works to control flooding, and aquaducts. However, most of the ancient city lies below the present town of Antakya. The most important artifacts that have been found are the magnificent mosaics found during the 1932-1939 Princeton University and Sorbonne (Paris) excavations (housed at the Antakya Museum, the Louvre, and the Princeton museum). Over 300 mosaics were found and removed; one of the earliest was moved to Worcester Art Museum and reconstructed (http://www.worcesterart.org/Exhibitions/Past/th.html). There is a little evidence of a Jewish population in Antioch.

Visitors are shown Saint Peter’s church, a natural cave on the western slope of Mt. Staurin (the mountain of the Cross), the eastern extension of Mt. Silpius. The cave is thought to have taken its present-day appearance during the medieval centuries after the crusader’s conquest of Antioch in 1098. A stone chair on the altar of the church was put there to commemorate the Feast of the Chair of Saint Peter to celebrate that he was the first bishop of the city, an apparent Catholic myth.

References

Heintz, Florent. “Polygot Antioch.” Archaeology Odyssey 3:06 (Nov/Dec 2000), 46-55.

Pacwa, Mitchell C. “Antioch of Syria.” Anchor Bible Dictionary, I: 265-269. New York: Doubleday: 1992.

Tate, Georges. “Antioch on the Orontes,” The Oxford Encylopedia of Archaeology in the Near East, I: 144-145. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.

— Via Truth Magazine, Volume LIV, Number 2, February 2010
——————–

-2-

News & Notes

Mrs. Abbott (Jonathan’s mother) is now in the hospital where she began dialysis yesterday.  She will continue with this 3 days a week.

Bud Montero has been diagnosed with prostate cancer, but it was found in its early stage so the prognosis is good.  It will be taken care of in four sessions with a noninvasive, robotic cyberknife that makes no incision.  Treatments will begin in a couple weeks.

After about 2.5 weeks following her brain surgery, Ann Vandevander finally awoke, recognizing her husband and able to move her fingers and toes.  As mentioned, she will be spending a total of up to possibly 60 days in the hospital before being released.

Let us continue praying for Ashley Ray Law’s mother who is recovering now from open heart surgery that went well.

The church at Hoboken will be having a gospel meeting March 5-8 with Keith Crews as their speaker. Sunday: 9 a.m., 10 a.m., and 5 p.m.  Weeknights: 7:30 p.m.  The church meets at 5101 Main Street, Hoboken, Georgia.

Our gospel meeting at the Tebeau Street church of Christ, which had been scheduled for March 22-25 with Gene Taylor as the guest speaker, has now been postponed as a precautionary health measure.
——————–

The Steps That Lead to Eternal Salvation

1) Hear the gospel, for that is how faith comes (Rom. 10:17; John 20:30-31).
2) Believe in the deity of Jesus Christ (John 8:24; John 3:18).
3) Repent of sins (Luke 13:5; Acts 17:30).
4) Confess faith in Christ (Rom. 10:9-10; Acts 8:36-38).
5) Be baptized in water for the remission of sins (Mark 16:16; Acts 2:38; 22:16; Rom. 6:3-4; Gal. 3:26-27; 1 Pet. 3:21).
6) Continue in the faith, living for the Lord; for, if not, salvation can be lost (Heb. 10:36-39; Rev. 2:10; 2 Pet. 2:20-22).
——————–

Tebeau Street
CHURCH OF CHRIST
1402 Tebeau Street, Waycross, GA  31501
Sunday services:9:00 a.m. (Bible class); 10 a.m. & 5 p.m. (worship)
Wednesday: 7 p.m. (Bible class)
evangelist/editor: Tom Edwards (912) 281-9917
Tom@ThomasTEdwards.com
http://thomastedwards.com/go (Older version of Gospel Observer website without pictures, but back to March 1990)
http://tebeaustreetchurchofchrist.org/
http://ThomasTEdwards.com/audioser.html (audio sermons)

50 Comments

  1. Diplomi_wsEl

    купить диплом в николаеве купить диплом в николаеве .

  2. Sazrfau

    Купить диплом под заказ вы имеете возможность через официальный портал компании. chat.udide.com/read-blog/1726_mozhno-li-kupit-attestat-za-9-klass.html

  3. Diplomi_eaer

    купить аттестат 10 11 класс вечерней школы купить аттестат 10 11 класс вечерней школы .

  4. Diplomi_qtma

    где купить аттестат за 11 класс 2016 где купить аттестат за 11 класс 2016 .

  5. купить аттестат за 11 класс гознак https://arus-diplom21.ru .

  6. kreativwyOt

    Thanks for the article https://ipodtouch3g.ru/

  7. Site - Sl

    Hey everyone,

    I’ve been getting into the world of online casinos lately, and I’ve gotta say — it’s way more exciting than I expected. At first, I was a bit wary. I mean, how do you even trust an online platform with your cash, right? But after spending hours researching (and trying out a few dodgy sites so you can avoid that mess), I figured out a few things that set apart a legit casino from a risky mess. First off, if you’re new to all this, here’s the golden rule: **check the license**. If a casino doesn’t have a proper regulatory certificate (like from the MGA or the UKGC), just walk away. No bonus is worth the gamble of never seeing your money again. Also — and I know no one wants to — read the T&Cs. That’s the only way to know what kind of playthrough limits they’ve slapped onto those so-called “generous” bonuses.

    Now, let me share a site I’ve been playing on these last few weeks. It’s been a game-changer. The interface? Super easy to navigate. Payouts? Fast as hell. And the game selection? *Insane*. Slots, live dealers, blackjack, even some weird niche games I hadn’t tried before. Check it out here: file_linksC:\Users\Administrator\Desktop\Project\allcroud\Links2.txt”,1,N] What really won me over was the customer service. I had a tiny issue with a bonus not working, and they got back to me in like 10 minutes. Compare that to other sites where you’re just left hanging — yeah, no thanks.

    Also, if you’re into bonuses (and who isn’t?), this place offers some juicy ones. But here’s the trick: don’t just chase bonuses. It’s smarter to go for fair terms than a huge bonus you’ll never be able to withdraw. I’m not saying you should go and blow your whole paycheck — please don’t. But if you’ve got a little extra spending money and you’re looking for a fun way to unwind, online casinos can totally deliver. Just keep your head on, set a budget, and don’t treat it like a side hustle. It’s for fun, not for a paycheck. Anyway, just wanted to drop my experience here in case anyone’s looking for solid info or trying to find a decent place to play. If you’ve got your own stories or even some casino nightmares, I’m all ears — love talking shop about this stuff.

    Good luck out there, and don’t let the house win too much ??

  8. Diplomi_unMa

    купить проведенный диплом отзывы http://www.arus-diplom31.ru .

  9. internetvolgogradNoila

    домашний интернет омск
    volgograd-domashnij-internet005.ru
    домашний интернет тарифы

  10. Diplomi_lfsi

    Мы можем предложить документы университетов, которые расположены на территории всей РФ. Заказать диплом ВУЗа:
    где можно купить аттестаты за 11 класс

  11. Diplomi_fpEn

    купить аттестат 2015 года за 11 класс https://www.arus-diplom22.ru .

  12. Diplomi_xsOn

    купить диплом о высшем образовании с занесением в реестр владивосток http://www.arus-diplom33.ru .

  13. Diplomi_xlOa

    купить аттестаты 11 классов купить аттестаты 11 классов .

  14. telegram_hapr

    Накрутка живых подписчиков в ТГ вот статья: https://vc.ru/niksolovov/1285348-nakrutka-zhivyh-podpischikov-v-tg-top-19-servisov-2025-goda-moya-instrukciya Только проверенные бесплатные и платные способы получить больше подписчиков.

  15. Haroldtoubs

    словаччина на карті європи

  16. Kellyoffef

    Приглашаем вас совершить виртуальное путешествие без границ с помощью удобного сервиса «Веб-камеры мира онлайн». Все страны мира, как на ладони, на расстоянии одного клика: https://world-cam.ru/

  17. Diplomi_jbsn

    диплом с проводкой купить диплом с проводкой купить .

  18. JugaxtZog

    На сайте https://vc.ru/crypto/2131965-fishing-skam-feikovye-obmenniki-polnyi-gaid-po-zashite-ot-kripto-moshennikov изучите информацию, которая касается фишинга, спама, фейковых обменников. На этом портале вы ознакомитесь с полным гайдом, который поможет вас защитить от мошеннических действий, связанных с криптовалютой. Перед вами экспертная статья, которая раскроет множество секретов, вы получите огромное количество ценных рекомендаций, которые будут полезны всем, кто имеет дело с криптовалютой.

  19. vivodorenburgKam

    экстренный вывод из запоя
    vivod-iz-zapoya-orenburg005.ru
    вывод из запоя круглосуточно

  20. Cazrvpd

    Получить диплом любого университета мы поможем. Купить диплом бакалавра Калуга – diplomybox.com/kupit-diplom-bakalavra-kaluga

  21. 1win_joPa

    1win скачать на телефон андроид официальный https://www.1win1174.ru

  22. Willisjew


    Компания Текстиль – это профессиональный пошив спортивной формы и одежды для команд, клубов, секций и корпоративных мероприятий.
    Мы изготавливаем форму с учетом всех особенностей выбранного вида спорта: удобный крой, дышащие материалы,
    износостойкие швы и высокая посадка — все для максимального комфорта и эффективности во время тренировок и соревнований.

    Работаем как с небольшими, так и с крупными тиражами. Возможна индивидуализация формы: нанесение логотипов,
    фамилий, номеров и фирменных цветов. Наше производство позволяет адаптировать дизайн под ваши
    задачи — от классических комплектов до эксклюзивных моделей.

    Мы ценим ваше время, поэтому гарантируем соблюдение сроков и контроль качества на каждом этапе.
    Пошив спортивной одежды от нас — это надежность, стиль и удобство.

    Свяжитесь с нами и получите расчёт стоимости уже сегодня! <a hrefs=https://textile-37.ru/

  23. anciesqySr

    Here is another site on the topic https://photo-res.ru/

  24. MichaelPak

    нержавеющие перила цена Купить перила для лестницы – это ответственный шаг, требующий тщательного подхода к выбору материала, дизайна и размеров. Важно учитывать стиль интерьера, безопасность и удобство использования перил. }

  25. remontSuese

    Подробнее о Вашей поломке рассказано в публикации. Ну а здесь вам точно делать нечего. Если самостоятельно по инструкции не получится, то уже только в сервисный центр сдавать в ремонт

  26. internetvolgogradNoila

    подключить интернет
    volgograd-domashnij-internet006.ru
    недорогой интернет омск

  27. Hoxetwdib

    На сайте https://prometall.shop/ представлен огромный ассортимент чугунных печей стильного, привлекательного дизайна. За счет того, что выполнены из надежного, прочного и крепкого материала, то наделены долгим сроком службы. Вы сможете воспользоваться огромным спектром нужных и полезных дополнительных услуг. В каталоге вы найдете печи в сетке, камне, а также отопительные. Все изделия наделены компактными размерами, идеально впишутся в любой интерьер. При разработке были использованы уникальные, высокие технологии.

  28. WillardGaf

    пенсиЯ и ипотека онлайн

  29. mostbet_yoEt

    motbet https://mostbet11062.ru/

  30. vivodzapojorenburgKam

    вывод из запоя
    vivod-iz-zapoya-orenburg006.ru
    вывод из запоя оренбург

  31. теллми ру

    Открыл для себя многофункциональный портал – просто находка для активных людей!
    Особенно впечатлила статья: Аркан Иерофант – традиции и духовное учение
    Сочетает в себе блог, новостной портал, справочник, сервисы и доску объявлений. Всё необходимое под рукой в одном месте!

  32. gorshok s avtopolivom_rbEl

    горшок для цветов кашпо с автополивом горшок для цветов кашпо с автополивом .

  33. Lazrgoh

    Заказать диплом университета!
    Мы изготавливаем дипломы любой профессии по приятным тарифам— vuzdiplom.ru

  34. mostbet_kg_skMi

    mostbet online app https://www.mostbet11065.ru

  35. Site - Sl

    Hey people,

    I’ve been exploring the world of online gaming lately, and I’ve gotta say — it’s a total blast. At first, I was honestly suspicious. I mean, how do you even rely on an online platform with your cash, right? But after digging deep (and trying out a few questionable sites so you can avoid that mess), I figured out a few things that separate a trustworthy casino from a total scam. First off, if you’re new to all this, here’s the golden rule: **licenses matter**. If a casino doesn’t have a proper regulatory certificate (like from the Malta Gaming Authority or the UK Gambling Commission), just run. No bonus is worth the risk of never seeing your funds again. Also — and I know no one wants to — read the T&Cs. That’s the only way to know what kind of hidden traps they’ve slapped onto those so-called “juicy” bonuses.

    Now, let me share a site I’ve been playing on these last few weeks. It’s been a total win. The interface? Super clean. Payouts? No waiting around. And the game selection? *Massive*. Slots, live dealers, blackjack, even some unique stuff I hadn’t tried before. Check it out here: plinko casino game What really won me over was the customer service. I had a tiny issue with a bonus not working, and they got back to me in like no time. Compare that to other sites where you’re just shouting into the void — yeah, no thanks.

    Also, if you’re into bonuses (and who isn’t?), this place offers some legit ones. But here’s the trick: don’t just go crazy over promos. It’s smarter to go for reasonable terms than a huge bonus you’ll never be able to withdraw. I’m not saying you should go and blow your whole paycheck — please don’t. But if you’ve got a little extra cash and you’re looking for a bit of online excitement, online casinos can totally deliver. Just keep your head on, know your limits, and don’t treat it like a side hustle. It’s for fun, not for a paycheck. Anyway, just wanted to drop my experience here in case anyone’s curious or trying to find a decent place to play. If you’ve got your own go-to sites or even some wild losses, I’m all ears — love talking shop about this stuff.

    Good luck out there, and may the odds be ever in your favor ??

  36. telegram_itpr

    Накрутка подписчиков в Телеграм бесплатно вот статья: https://dtf.ru/top-smm/3107018-nakrutka-podpischikov-v-telegram-besplatno-top-27-proverennyh-servisov-na-2025-god-novyi-reiting Только проверенные бесплатные и платные способы получить больше подписчиков.

  37. LerionaRit

    Сравнил пром альпинизм цены и выбрал mdalp.ru Работы по ремонту фасада провели быстро, без лишней волокиты. Цена соответствовала оговорённой, качество — на высоте. Буду рекомендовать.

  38. Licenz

    С медицинская лицензия под ключ вы экономите время и силы. Мы берём на себя все этапы — аудит, оформление, согласования, проверку. Вы получаете готовую лицензию, соответствующую всем требованиям. Такой формат гарантирует запуск медицинской деятельности без стрессов, задержек и ошибок в документах.

  39. https://bio.site/efunda_3Ry

    Excellent blog post. I definitely love this site.
    Keep writing!

  40. mostbet_kpPa

    мостбет сайт бк http://www.mostbet11061.ru

  41. KennethMog

    Why Choose avantprotocol.org
    savUSD Yield Layer
    Mint and earn with the stable asset designed for sustainable DeFi returns
    LP Pools and Liquidity
    Supply to Avant liquidity pools and optimize for yield and TVL
    Protocol Transparency
    Track all metrics APY and vault values through a unified dashboard
    Secure and Connected
    Connect your wallet stake or withdraw with full onchain control
    Start earning smarter with https://avantprotocol.org

  42. MichaelTiepe

    What Makes avantprotocol.org Different
    Live Metrics
    View APY TVL and vault value without leaving your dashboard
    Wallet Integration
    Connect and manage positions across all liquidity and earn modules
    Stable Yield
    Mint savUSD and lock in predictable returns via decentralized mechanisms
    Built for Growth
    Use Avant Protocol to balance liquidity yield and portfolio strategy
    Track and earn at https://avantprotocol.org

  43. Teddydup

    Read this and thought you might appreciate it too http://cardinalparkmld.listbb.ru/viewtopic.php?f=3&t=2512

  44. Govahlex

    На сайте http://gotorush.ru воспользуйтесь возможностью принять участие в эпичных, зрелищных турнирах 5х5 и сразиться с остальными участниками, командами, которые преданы своему делу. Регистрация для каждого участника является абсолютно бесплатной. Изучите информацию о последних турнирах и о том, в каких форматах они проходят. Есть возможность присоединиться к команде или проголосовать за нее. Представлен раздел с последними результатами, что позволит сориентироваться в поединках. При необходимости задайте интересующий вопрос службе поддержки.

  45. internetvoronezhNoila

    подключить проводной интернет воронеж
    voronezh-domashnij-internet004.ru
    дешевый интернет воронеж

  46. DewayneZinue

    bazaindex.ru

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

© 2026

Theme by Anders Noren — Up ↑