The Gospel Observer

“Go therefore and make disciples of all the nations…teaching them to observe all that I commanded you; and lo, I am with you always, even to the end of the age” (Matthew 28:19-20, NASB).
——————–

Contents:

1) Antioch of Syria (Mike Willis)
2) News & Notes
——————–

antioch 3 in 1

-1-

Antioch of Syria

Mike Willis

There were a number of cities built by various Seleucid kings which bore the name Antioch in honor of rulers who wore the name of Antiochus. Two of them were Antioch of Syria and Antioch of Pisidia.

Alexander the Great was the first to imagine the city of Antioch, according to the fourth-century writer Libanius. After defeating the Persians at the Battle of Issus in 333 B.C., he stopped at the future site of Antioch, drank from the water of its sweet well, and declared that it “tasted like his mother’s milk.” He resolved to build a city on the site. He died before accomplishing this.

After the death of Alexander the Great (323 B.C.), his kingdom was divided among his generals. The northern area was given to Seleucus Nicator (358-281 B.C.). Seleucus built his capital on the Orontes and named it after his father, Antiochus. Seleucus Nicator made Jewish people citizens of those cities which he built, including Antioch (Josephus, Antiquities, XII. 3.1).

The Seleucid kingdom was ruled from Antioch until 64 B.C. The Seleucids vied with the Ptolemies in Egypt for control of Palestine from 323 to 198 B.C., when Antiochus the Great won control of the region and held it until the Romans moved into the region. Seleucid rule was at first welcome by the Jewish people, but the situation soon changed. During the reign of the tyrant Antiochus Epiphanes (175-163 B.C.), the Jews in Jerusalem were ordered to offer pagan sacrifices on their altar in the Temple, leading to the Maccabean rebellion. The situation of the Antiochian Jews must have been quite difficult. With the coming of the Romans, their situation improved and Jews in Antioch enjoyed the status of a politeuma, a “political state” according to Josephus.

Antioch became an important military center after it was incorporated into the Roman Empire in 64 B.C. by Pompey. He made Antioch the capital of Syria and used it as a staging area for wars against its eastern adversaries. The Romans expanded the development of Antioch under Augustus (27 B.C. – A.D. 14) and Tiberius (A.D. 14-37), colonnading its main north-south street and building numerous public buildings. Herod the Great paid to pave with marble the main thoroughfare in Antioch. Tiberius Caesar later built the colonnades that are there. During the Jewish rebellion, Herod Agrippa II and other Jews opposing the rebellion, met Vespasian in Antioch (Josephus, Wars of the Jews III.2.4). Perhaps this is the reason that Vespasian and Titus continued to act favorably toward the Jews in Antioch, even after the Jewish rebellion (Josephus, Antiquities XII.3.1). After the destruction of Jerusalem in A.D. 70, Titus enjoyed a triumphal entry into the city of Antioch in celebration of his defeating the Jews. Josephus tells of a serious threat to the Jews in Antioch in Wars of the Jews VII.3.2-4).

After the destruction of Seleucia Ctesiphon in 165 B.C., Antioch was the third largest city in the Roman world, ranking behind Rome and Alexandria, Egypt (Josephus, Wars of the Jews III.2.4). Estimates of its population range from 600,000 to 100,000 (Pacwa, 265). The Christian orator John Chrysostom (345-407) estimates that its population was 200,000 during his time. The city was located on a major trade route from the Middle East to Palestine and Egypt, causing it to be a thriving commercial center in the first century.

Antioch played an important part in first century Christianity. Nicolas, one of the seven appointed to serve the daily ministration to the widows, was a proselyte from Antioch (Acts 6:5). After the persecution following the martyrdom of Stephen, those who scattered from Jerusalem took the gospel to Antioch where they began preaching the gospel with much success to the Greeks (Acts 11:19-20). When news of this reached Jerusalem, the saints sent Barnabas to investigate the situation. When he saw that things there were in order, he brought Saul to join him in the work at Antioch. They labored together for a full year in Antioch. Perhaps it was during this time that Paul suffered persecution at Antioch (2 Tim. 3:11). During this time, the disciples were first called Christians (Acts 11:26). This new church sent relief to help the poor among the saints at Jerusalem (Acts 11:27-30).

From Antioch, Paul and Barnabas were sent on their first missionary journey (Acts 13:1-3) and to that church Paul reported on all of his missionary activities (Acts 14:26; 18:22).

The church at Antioch played a determinative role in working out whether or not Gentiles had to be circumcised and keep the Law of Moses in order to be saved. Paul took Titus as a test case and with other brethren (including Barnabas) went to Jerusalem for what is generally called the Jerusalem Conference (Acts 15). Though it was revealed that Gentiles could be saved without keeping the Law, Galatians 2:1-14 records a major conflict that occurred in the church when Peter came to Antioch and refused to have table fellowship with Gentiles. Paul resisted him.

Undoubtedly the church at Antioch played a significant part in shaping Christianity into a world religion instead of just another sect of Judaism.

Modern scholarship suggests that Matthew might have been written at Antioch and some think that Luke might also have penned his gospel at Antioch.

Antioch was the home of the famed Christian orator, John Chrysostom, who wrote Homilies Against the Jews. Another famous “Christian” character was Simeon Stylites, who was supposedly buried in Antioch. He lived for thirty years on a 60-foot-high column in the mountains east of the city.

Today the city is known an Antakya, a bustling small city that occupies much of the ancient site. There are ruins of the walls, the hippodrome, a large structure that might be the foundation of Diocletian’s palace, masonry works to control flooding, and aquaducts. However, most of the ancient city lies below the present town of Antakya. The most important artifacts that have been found are the magnificent mosaics found during the 1932-1939 Princeton University and Sorbonne (Paris) excavations (housed at the Antakya Museum, the Louvre, and the Princeton museum). Over 300 mosaics were found and removed; one of the earliest was moved to Worcester Art Museum and reconstructed (http://www.worcesterart.org/Exhibitions/Past/th.html). There is a little evidence of a Jewish population in Antioch.

Visitors are shown Saint Peter’s church, a natural cave on the western slope of Mt. Staurin (the mountain of the Cross), the eastern extension of Mt. Silpius. The cave is thought to have taken its present-day appearance during the medieval centuries after the crusader’s conquest of Antioch in 1098. A stone chair on the altar of the church was put there to commemorate the Feast of the Chair of Saint Peter to celebrate that he was the first bishop of the city, an apparent Catholic myth.

References

Heintz, Florent. “Polygot Antioch.” Archaeology Odyssey 3:06 (Nov/Dec 2000), 46-55.

Pacwa, Mitchell C. “Antioch of Syria.” Anchor Bible Dictionary, I: 265-269. New York: Doubleday: 1992.

Tate, Georges. “Antioch on the Orontes,” The Oxford Encylopedia of Archaeology in the Near East, I: 144-145. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.

— Via Truth Magazine, Volume LIV, Number 2, February 2010
——————–

-2-

News & Notes

Mrs. Abbott (Jonathan’s mother) is now in the hospital where she began dialysis yesterday.  She will continue with this 3 days a week.

Bud Montero has been diagnosed with prostate cancer, but it was found in its early stage so the prognosis is good.  It will be taken care of in four sessions with a noninvasive, robotic cyberknife that makes no incision.  Treatments will begin in a couple weeks.

After about 2.5 weeks following her brain surgery, Ann Vandevander finally awoke, recognizing her husband and able to move her fingers and toes.  As mentioned, she will be spending a total of up to possibly 60 days in the hospital before being released.

Let us continue praying for Ashley Ray Law’s mother who is recovering now from open heart surgery that went well.

The church at Hoboken will be having a gospel meeting March 5-8 with Keith Crews as their speaker. Sunday: 9 a.m., 10 a.m., and 5 p.m.  Weeknights: 7:30 p.m.  The church meets at 5101 Main Street, Hoboken, Georgia.

Our gospel meeting at the Tebeau Street church of Christ, which had been scheduled for March 22-25 with Gene Taylor as the guest speaker, has now been postponed as a precautionary health measure.
——————–

The Steps That Lead to Eternal Salvation

1) Hear the gospel, for that is how faith comes (Rom. 10:17; John 20:30-31).
2) Believe in the deity of Jesus Christ (John 8:24; John 3:18).
3) Repent of sins (Luke 13:5; Acts 17:30).
4) Confess faith in Christ (Rom. 10:9-10; Acts 8:36-38).
5) Be baptized in water for the remission of sins (Mark 16:16; Acts 2:38; 22:16; Rom. 6:3-4; Gal. 3:26-27; 1 Pet. 3:21).
6) Continue in the faith, living for the Lord; for, if not, salvation can be lost (Heb. 10:36-39; Rev. 2:10; 2 Pet. 2:20-22).
——————–

Tebeau Street
CHURCH OF CHRIST
1402 Tebeau Street, Waycross, GA  31501
Sunday services:9:00 a.m. (Bible class); 10 a.m. & 5 p.m. (worship)
Wednesday: 7 p.m. (Bible class)
evangelist/editor: Tom Edwards (912) 281-9917
Tom@ThomasTEdwards.com
http://thomastedwards.com/go (Older version of Gospel Observer website without pictures, but back to March 1990)
http://tebeaustreetchurchofchrist.org/
http://ThomasTEdwards.com/audioser.html (audio sermons)

50 Comments

  1. Porn Filmleri

    porno izle,porno seyret,türk porno,ifşa porno,türk ünlü porno,sex izle,sikiş
    videoları,sikiş izle,seks izle,seks videoları,porno,Porno Film izle,Sex Seyret,Mobil Sikiş,Tecavüz Porno,Porn Filmleri,HD porno,sansürsüz porno,sansürzü porno izle,
    sarhoş pornosu,enses porno,ücretsiz porno,ücretsiz porno izle,porna izle,Porno Anne,Porno izlesene,Sikiş
    Video,HD Sex Porn,porn,bedava sex izle,anal porno,götten sikiş izle,abla porno,abi
    porno,akraba porno,ünlü türk porno,ifşa pornolar,sert sikiş,içine boşalma porno,
    porno porno,porn porn,milli porno
    porno izle,porno seyret,türk porno,ifşa porno,türk
    ünlü porno,sex izle,sikiş videoları,sikiş izle,seks izle,seks videoları,porno,Porno Film
    izle,Sex Seyret,Mobil Sikiş,Tecavüz Porno,Porn Filmleri,HD porno,sansürsüz porno,sansürzü porno izle,sarhoş
    pornosu,enses porno,ücretsiz porno,ücretsiz porno
    izle,porna izle,Porno Anne,Porno izlesene,Sikiş Video,HD Sex
    Porn,porn,bedava sex izle,anal porno,götten sikiş izle,abla porno,abi porno,akraba porno,
    ünlü türk porno,ifşa pornolar,sert sikiş,içine boşalma porno,porno porno,
    porn porn,milli porno
    porno izle,porno seyret,türk porno,ifşa porno,
    türk ünlü porno,sex izle,sikiş videoları,
    sikiş izle,seks izle,seks videoları,porno,Porno Film izle,Sex Seyret,Mobil Sikiş,Tecavüz Porno,Porn Filmleri,HD porno,sansürsüz porno,sansürzü porno izle,sarhoş pornosu,enses porno,ücretsiz porno,ücretsiz
    porno izle,porna izle,Porno Anne,Porno izlesene,Sikiş Video,HD
    Sex Porn,porn,bedava sex izle,anal porno,götten sikiş
    izle,abla porno,abi porno,akraba porno,ünlü türk porno,
    ifşa pornolar,sert sikiş,içine boşalma porno,porno porno,porn porn,milli porno
    porno izle,porno seyret,türk porno,ifşa porno,türk
    ünlü porno,sex izle,sikiş videoları,sikiş izle,
    seks izle,seks videoları,porno,Porno Film izle,Sex Seyret,Mobil Sikiş,Tecavüz
    Porno,Porn Filmleri,HD porno,sansürsüz porno,sansürzü porno izle,sarhoş pornosu,enses porno,ücretsiz porno,ücretsiz
    porno izle,porna izle,Porno Anne,Porno izlesene,
    Sikiş Video,HD Sex Porn,porn,bedava sex izle,anal porno,götten sikiş izle,
    abla porno,abi porno,akraba porno,ünlü türk porno,ifşa pornolar,sert sikiş,içine
    boşalma porno,porno porno,porn porn,milli porno

  2. JuniorKEk

    https://chancestbj744.image-perth.org/what-homeowners-really-think-insights-from-2000-mystery-shopper-requests

    Did you know that in the latest ranking, only 2,043 companies earned a spot in the Top Countertop Contractors Ranking out of over ten thousand evaluated? That’s because at we only recognize excellence.

    Our ranking is transparent, updated regularly, and built on more than 20 criteria. These include feedback from Google, Yelp, and other platforms, affordability, customer service, and project quality. On top of that, we conduct 5,000+ phone calls and multiple estimate requests through our mystery shopper program.
    The result is a benchmark that benefits both clients and fabricators. Homeowners get a reliable way to choose contractors, while listed companies gain credibility, digital exposure, and even direct client leads.

    The Top 500 Awards spotlight categories like Veteran Companies, Rising Stars, and Budget-Friendly Pros. Winning one of these honors means a company has achieved elite credibility in the industry.

    If you’re searching for a countertop contractor—or your company wants to stand out—this site is where credibility meets growth.

  3. OLanecrini

    This is my first time visit at here and i am really impressed to read all at single place.
    https://emaidan.com.ua/black-vs-clear-headlight-sealant.html

  4. pin_up_czpa

    pin up sport tikish http://pinup5005.ru/

  5. Mazrzvk

    Мы предлагаем дипломы любых профессий по разумным ценам. Приобретение документа, который подтверждает обучение в университете, – это выгодное решение. Заказать диплом о высшем образовании: cyberlord.at/forum/?id=11953&thread=427

  6. Charliekah

    поиск психолога онлайн

  7. top_zapr

    Нашёл блог Никиты Соловова https://niksolovov.ru там много статей по бизнесу

  8. JuniorKEk

    https://chancestbj744.image-perth.org/what-homeowners-really-think-insights-from-2000-mystery-shopper-requests

    Did you know that in this year, only around 2,000 companies earned a spot in the Top Countertop Contractors Ranking out of thousands evaluated? That’s because at we set a very high bar.

    Our ranking is transparent, updated regularly, and built on more than 20 criteria. These include reviews from Google, Yelp, and other platforms, quotes, communication, and craftsmanship. On top of that, we conduct thousands of phone calls and multiple estimate requests through our mystery shopper program.
    The result is a standard that benefits both clients and contractors. Homeowners get a proven way to choose contractors, while listed companies gain recognition, online authority, and even direct client leads.

    The Top 500 Awards spotlight categories like Best Old Contractors, Emerging Leaders, and Budget-Friendly Pros. Winning one of these honors means a company has achieved rare credibility in the industry.

    If you’re ready to hire a countertop contractor—or your company wants to stand out—this site is where credibility meets visibility.

  9. Diplomi_kksi

    Мы можем предложить документы институтов, расположенных на территории всей России. Заказать диплом университета:
    где можно купить аттестат за 11 класс

  10. pard_hrpr

    топ сервисов для накрутки подписчиков в телеграм топ сервисов для накрутки подписчиков в телеграм

  11. mostbet_zmMn

    mostbet uz futbol tikish https://www.mostbet4163.ru

  12. DewayneZinue

    bazaindex.ru

  13. Briannus

    best online casinos

  14. Williamsog

    40 Flaming Lines демо

  15. JuniorKEk

    https://www.giantbomb.com/profile/bilbukhyqg/

    Did you know that in 2025, only just a fraction companies earned a spot in the Top Countertop Contractors Ranking out of 10,000+ evaluated? That’s because at we only recognize excellence.

    Our ranking is transparent, updated regularly, and built on more than 20 criteria. These include ratings from Google, Yelp, and other platforms, affordability, communication, and craftsmanship. On top of that, we conduct thousands of phone calls and multiple estimate requests through our mystery shopper program.
    The result is a trusted guide that benefits both clients and contractors. Homeowners get a safe way to choose contractors, while listed companies gain prestige, online authority, and even direct client leads.

    The Top 500 Awards spotlight categories like Established Leaders, Best Young Companies, and Value Leaders. Winning one of these honors means a company has achieved elite credibility in the industry.

    If you’re looking for a countertop contractor—or your company wants to be listed among the best—this site is where quality meets visibility.

  16. pard_mcpr

    накрутка подписчиков telegram канал накрутка подписчиков telegram канал

  17. Charliekah

    семейные психологи онлайн

  18. pin_up_twpn

    пин ап мобильный вход https://pinup5002.ru

  19. Jordannoica

    топ ігор на пс5

  20. JuniorKEk

    https://zenwriting.net/adeneubhdz/what-it-takes-to-become-a-top-ranked-countertop-fabricator-in-america

    Did you know that in the latest ranking, only 2,043 companies earned a spot in the Top Countertop Contractors Ranking out of 10,000+ evaluated? That’s because at we don’t just accept anyone.

    Our ranking is transparent, updated regularly, and built on more than 20 criteria. These include feedback from Google, Yelp, and other platforms, pricing, customer service, and craftsmanship. On top of that, we conduct countless phone calls and multiple estimate requests through our mystery shopper program.
    The result is a trusted guide that benefits both clients and contractors. Homeowners get a reliable way to choose contractors, while listed companies gain prestige, digital exposure, and even new business opportunities.

    The Top 500 Awards spotlight categories like Established Leaders, Rising Stars, and Value Leaders. Winning one of these honors means a company has achieved elite credibility in the industry.

    If you’re ready to hire a countertop contractor—or your company wants to stand out—this site is where trust meets opportunity.

  21. pard_unpr

    быстрая накрутка подписчиков в тг быстрая накрутка подписчиков в тг

  22. Roberthaw

    Spotted this interesting read and thought of you https://telegra.ph/Mise-O-Jeu-Sasino-Canada-07-24

  23. Briannus

    5 Fortunes Gold Game Azerbaijan

  24. Williamsog

    Казино Mostbet

  25. Shawnmoura

    — Растворы с глюкозой и витаминами для коррекции энергетического обмена. — Минеральные комплексы для нормализации электролитов. — Антиоксиданты и гепатопротекторы для защиты печени. — Спазмолитики для снятия болевого синдрома. — Противорвотные препараты при тошноте.
    Исследовать вопрос подробнее – наркологические клиники алкоголизм архангельск

  26. pin_up_clEi

    пин ап скачать приложение пин ап скачать приложение

  27. JuniorKEk

    https://www.bitsdujour.com/profiles/BLkKB8

    Did you know that in the latest ranking, only just a fraction companies earned a spot in the Top Countertop Contractors Ranking out of 10,000+ evaluated? That’s because at we set a very high bar.

    Our ranking is unbiased, constantly refreshed, and built on more than 20 criteria. These include reviews from Google, Yelp, and other platforms, pricing, communication, and results. On top of that, we conduct 5,000+ phone calls and 2,000 estimate requests through our mystery shopper program.
    The result is a standard that benefits both homeowners and fabricators. Homeowners get a proven way to choose contractors, while listed companies gain credibility, online authority, and even direct client leads.

    The Top 500 Awards spotlight categories like Established Leaders, Best Young Companies, and Value Leaders. Winning one of these honors means a company has achieved unmatched credibility in the industry.

    If you’re searching for a countertop contractor—or your company wants to be listed among the best—this site is where trust meets growth.

  28. Michaelnum

    замена хрусталика глаза

  29. novosti sporta_lsEa

    ставки прогнозы http://novosti-sporta-11.ru/ .

  30. Willardhox

    888starz бонус как использовать

  31. stroitelstvo domov irkytsk_ohkr

    дом строительство https://stroitelstvo-domov-irkutsk-1.ru/ .

  32. DavidGrinc

    option pocket ile güvenle işlem yapmaya başlayın ve sezgisel ve güçlü bir platformdan yararlanın!

  33. mostbet_jmKn

    mostbet apk yuklab olish https://www.mostbet4164.ru

  34. stavki prognozi_nvOi

    ставки прогнозы http://stavki-prognozy-two.ru/ .

  35. sportbets_czot

    sports bet sportbets32.ru .

  36. JustinLyday

    Питание организовано по системе «шведский стол» с блюдами, соответствующими медицинским диетам: щадящие супы, нежирное мясо, свежие овощи и кисломолочные продукты. Рацион составляют диетолог и врач-нарколог с учётом индивидуальных потребностей.
    Детальнее – частная наркологическая клиника

  37. JuniorKEk

    https://milohevs948.theburnward.com/meet-the-countertop-contractors-shaping-americas-homes-in-2025

    Did you know that in 2025, only 2,043 companies earned a spot in the Top Countertop Contractors Ranking out of thousands evaluated? That’s because at we set a very high bar.

    Our ranking is independent, updated regularly, and built on dozens of criteria. These include reviews from Google, Yelp, and other platforms, pricing, communication, and results. On top of that, we conduct countless phone calls and 2,000 estimate requests through our mystery shopper program.
    The result is a trusted guide that benefits both homeowners and fabricators. Homeowners get a reliable way to choose contractors, while listed companies gain recognition, SEO visibility, and even new business opportunities.

    The Top 500 Awards spotlight categories like Established Leaders, Best Young Companies, and Value Leaders. Winning one of these honors means a company has achieved rare credibility in the industry.

    If you’re searching for a countertop contractor—or your company wants to be listed among the best—this site is where trust meets visibility.

  38. stroitelstvo domov irkytsk_sxOl

    построить дом в иркутске построить дом в иркутске .

  39. перевод договора с таджикского на русский onlineperevodchik.ru .

  40. narkologicheskaya klinika_mlMl

    медицинский наркологический центр http://www.narkologicheskaya-klinika-11.ru/ .

  41. pin_up_biea

    пин ап приложение уз https://pinup5001.ru

  42. pin_up_vjpn

    pin up apk yuklab olish http://pinup5002.ru

  43. novosti sporta_rcsl

    новости легкой атлетики novosti-sporta-12.ru .

  44. Diplomi_skkr

    купить аттестат за 11 класс в киеве http://arus-diplom23.ru .

  45. Williamsog

    4K Ultra Gold играть в мостбет

  46. Briannus

    Казино 1xbet слот 4Squad

Leave a Reply

Your email address will not be published. Required fields are marked *

© 2026

Theme by Anders Noren — Up ↑